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Table 2 Overall survival according to characteristics (n = 103)

From: Biological characteristics and treatment outcomes of metastatic or recurrent neuroendocrine tumors: tumor grade and metastatic site are important for treatment strategy

Characteristic

Median OS

95% CI

3-year

survival

rate (%)

P-value

Age

<60

≥ 60

32.0

27.0

20.9-43.1

12.6-41.4

44.2

31.0

.053

Sex

Male

Female

29.0

31.0

20.5-37.5

26.7-35.3

36.4

42.9

.461

Carcinoid symptom

Absent

Present

29.0

28.0

23.3-34.7

23.7-32.3

40.5

-

.646

 

Pancreas

43.0

23.4-62.6

45.3

 

Origin

GI

40.0

10.3-69.7

51.2

.660

 

Lung

10.0

-

-

 

Liver metastasis

Absent

Present

29.0

29.0

18.6-39.4

22.8-35.2

42.2

38.1

.995

 

1

78.0

32.3-123.7

65.8

 

Grade

2-3

18.0

1.9-34.1

29.8

.001

 

Large

15.0

2.8-27.2

13.9

 
 

Small

18.0

7.1-28.9

17.9

 
 

24-hour urine 5-HIAA (μmol/day)

<31.4

31.0

24.3-37.7

42.8

.653

  

≥ 31.4

46.0

-

66,7

 

Biomarkers

      
 

Serum NSE (nmol/l)

<1.0

31.0

-

47.7

.051

  

≥ 1.0

7.0

4.3-9.7

26.8

 
 

Local treatment only

43.0

23.1-62.9

53.0

 

Treatment modality

Systemic treatment only

23.0

0.4-45.6

38.0

.245

 

Both treatments

29.0

23.6-34.4

43.0

 
  1. OS, overall survival; CI, confidence interval; GI, gastrointestinal; 5-HIAA, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; NSE, neuron-specific enolase