Efficacy and safety of a modular multi-modal exercise program in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases: a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Modular multi-modal physical exercise program (M3EP) for prostate cancer with bone metastases

Metastases site	Exercise mode
	*Resistance*			*Aerobic*		*Flexibility*
	Upper	Trunk	Lower	WB	NWB	Static
Pelvis	√	√	√**		√	√
Axial Skeleton (lumbar)	√		√		√	√***
Axial Skeleton (thoracic/ribs)	√*		√	√	√	√***
Proximal Femur	√	√	√**		√	√
All regions	√*		√**		√	√***

√ = Target exercise region; * = exclusion of shoulder flexion/extension/abduction/adduction - inclusion of elbow flexion/extension; ** = exclusion of hip extension/flexion - inclusion of knee extension/flexion; WB weight bearing (e.g. walking); NWB non-weight bearing (e.g. cycling); *** = exclusion of spine/flexion/extension/rotation.

ISSN: 1471-2407