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Table 2 Subgroup analysis of intake n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio for highest quantile vs. lowest

From: Ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of 274135 adult females from 11 independent prospective studies

Subgroup factors

N

Pooled RR (95% CI)

Heterogeneity

P b

P c

I 2

Degree

P a

Overall analysis

11

0.90 (0.82, 0.99)

11.40%

Low

0.33

  

Study design

     

0.53

0.60

PC

5

0.92 (0.84, 1.00)

7.70%

Low

0.37

  

NCC

6

0.82 (0.62, 1.08)

20.60%

Low

0.27

  

Nations

     

0.07

0.12

Europe

5

1.00 (0.84, 1.18)

8.90%

Low

0.36

  

USA

4

0.88 (0.80, 0.97)

0.00%

Low

0.95

  

Asia

2

0.77 (0.59, 1.00)

0.00%

Low

0.42

  

Menopausal status

     

0.18

0.26

Pre-

2

0.80 (0.43,1.48)

0.00%

Low

0.42

  

Post-

5

0.85 (0.75.0.97)

0.00%

Low

0.33

  

Combined

5

0.96 (0.80, 1.14)

23.30%

Low

0.27

  

Exposure assessment

     

0.87

0.99

Serum PL biomarker

5

0.86 (0.63, 1.20)

21.50%

Low

0.27

  

Diet

6

0.90 (0.82, 0.99)

17.30%

Low

0.30

  

Follow-up duration

     

0.11

0.08

≤ Average value

6

0.77 (0.46, 0.94)

0.00%

Low

0.77

  

> Average value

5

0.94 (0.83, 1.06)

19.50%

Low

0.21

  

Covariates adjusted

       

BMI

     

0.24

0.36

Yes

8

0.91 (0.83, 1.00)

9.90%

Low

0.35

  

No

3

0.65 (0.39,1.09)

0.00%

Low

0.38

  

Age of fist childbirth

     

0.09

0.07

Yes

7

0.87 (0.79, 0.94)

0.00%

Low

0.56

  

No

4

1.01 (0.70, 1.12)

0.00%

Low

0.54

  

Age at menarche

     

0.51

0.54

Yes

6

0.92 (0.85, 0.99)

0.00%

Low

0.51

  

No

5

0.80 (0.58,1.11)

33.60%

Moderate

0.18

  

Parity

     

0.11

0.08

Yes

5

0.94 (0.85, 1.04)

15.90%

Low

0.31

  

No

6

0.77 (0.63, 0.94)

0.00%

Low

0.68

  

Reproductive variables

     

0.65

0.76

Yes

4

0.89 (0.81, 0.98)

0.00%

Low

0.73

  

No

7

0.89 (0.74, 1.07)

33.70%

Moderate

0.16

  

Family history of BC

     

0.30

0.30

Yes

8

0.91 (0.81, 1.02)

31.30%

Moderate

0.18

  

No

3

0.76 (0.56,1.04)

0.00%

Low

0.83

  

Hormone user

     

0.75

0.90

Yes

9

0.89 (0.80, 1.00)

24.50%

Low

0.22

  

No

2

0.82 (0.50, 1.35)

0.00%

Low

0.57

  

Alcohol intake

     

0.32

0.32

Yes

9

0.91 (0.82, 1.00)

0.00%

Low

0.26

  

No

2

0.72 (0.47, 1.10)

20.60%

Low

0.51

  

Smoking

     

0.23

0.28

Yes

4

0.94 (0.86, 1.02)

0.00%

Low

0.40

  

No

7

0.83 (0.70, 0.98)

8.20%

Low

0.37

  

Age

     

0.78

0.99

Yes

6

0.92 (0.82, 1.02)

0.00%

Low

0.45

  

No

5

0.86 (0.68, 1.10)

34.00%

Moderate

0.18

  

Educational status

     

0.16

0.14

Yes

5

0.87 (0.80, 0.96)

0.00%

Low

0.59

  

No

6

0.96 (0.79, 1.17)

14.70%

Low

0.32

  

Total energy intake

     

0.16

0.16

Yes

5

0.87 (0.80, 0.96)

0.00%

Low

0.59

  

No

6

0.96 (0.79, 1.17)

14.70%

Low

0.32

  

Physical activity

     

0.20

0.20

Yes

3

0.81 (0.67, 0.97)

0.00%

Low

0.90

  

No

8

0.92 (0.81, 1.05)

21.50%

Low

0.25

  

Other drugs or nutrients intake

     

0.20

0.24

Yes

3

0.81 (0.67, 0.97)

0.00%

Low

0.90

  

No

8

0.92 (0.81, 1.05)

21.50%

Low

0.25

  
  1. a P: P value for heterogeneity within subgroup.
  2. b P: P value for heterogeneity between subgroups with a meta-regression analysis.
  3. c P: adjusted P value for heterogeneity between subgroups with a permutation test.
  4. N = number of studies.