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Table 4 Mean values (CI) for QLQ-H&N35 scores before treatment (baseline) and follow-up and p-values and effect sizes for changes at follow-up compared to baseline

From: Self evaluation of communication experiences after laryngeal cancer – A longitudinal questionnaire study in patients with laryngeal cancer

 

Base, n = 100

1 mo, n = 95

2 mo, n = 86

3 mo, n = 81

6 mo, n = 75

12 mo, n = 71

EORTC QLQ-H&N35

Scales*

Pain

9.3 (6.4–12.2)

28.5§ (23.9–33.0)

17.0 (13.2–20.9)

13.0 (9.2–16.7)

12.3 (7.8–16.7)

6.8 (3.2–10.4)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.99

.000/0.55

.016/0.28

ns/0.21

ns/0.08

Swallowing

6.8 (4.2–9.5)

33.1§ (27.7–38.5)

22.8§ (17.4–28.1)

14.3 (9.1–19.6)

11.3 (6.8–15.7)

6.8 (3.3–10.3)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.96

.000/0.68

.000/0.39

.005/0.34

ns/0.15

Senses

5.2 (2.4–7.9)

23.0§ (17.3–28.6)

19.2§ (13.1–25.3)

13.2 (8.6–17.8)

9.6 (5.0–14.2)

7.8 (3.6–11.9)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.70

.000/0.54

.000/0.49

.005/0.34

.010/0.31

Speech

37.2 (32.5–41.9)

44.9 (39.5–50.4)

34.4 (28.3–40.6)

24.6§ (19.0–30.1)

24.3§ (18.3–30.3)

16.0§ (11.8–20.2)

   p/ES

 

.013/0.25

ns/0.09

.001/0.40

.001/0.45

.000/0.84

Social eating

7.1 (4.1–10.0)

29.1§ (23.3–34.9)

17.4§ (12.6–22.3)

11.0 (6.3–15.7)

7.3 (3.3–11.4)

6.0 (2.1–9.9)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.75

.000/0.50

.014/0.28

ns/0.17

ns/0.09

Social contact

6.9 (4.5–9.3)

9.4 (6.6–12.1)

7.6 (5.2–10.1)

5.2 (2.4–8.1)

4.5 (1.4–7.5)

2.8 (0.3–5.3)

   p/ES

 

.049/0.18

ns/0.10

ns/0.05

ns/0.16

.003/0.36

Sexuality

33.0 (25.4–40.6)

36.6 (28.9–44.3)

37.2 (28.9–45.5)

34.9 (27.1–46.6)

27.1 (19.4–34.9)

27.0 (19.2–34.7)

   p/ES

 

ns/0.12

ns/0.12

ns/0.17

ns/0.05

ns/0.01

Single items*

Dry mouth

22.7 (16.7–28.7)

39.30§ (32.5–46.1)

34.1§ (27.1–41.1)

34.6§ (27.3–41.9)

34.7§ (27.3–42.1)

30.1 (23.4–36.7)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.52

.000/0.44

.000/0.53

.000/0.54

.002/0.40

Sticky saliva

20.2 (14.8–25.6)

50.7§ (43.7–57.7)

45.0§ (37.4–52.5)

37.1§ (29.9–44.3)

38.7§ (30.9–46.4)

31.9§ (25.1–38.7)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.91

.000/0.80

.000/0.68

.000/0.66

.000/0.55

Coughing

29.0 (24.0–34.0)

48.1§ (42.0–54.2)

40.3§ (33.5–47.1)

35.4 (29.2–41.6)

32.4 (25.0–39.9)

24.9 (18.8–31.0)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.63

.004/0.33

.026/0.26

ns/0.21

ns/0.02

Felt ill

17.0 (12.4–21.6)

28.4§ (22.4–34.4)

19.0 (13.7–24.3)

16.1 (11.1–21.1)

10.2 (6.2–14.2)

8.5 (4.5–12.4)

   p/ES

 

.000/0.0.45

ns/0.17

ns/0.08

ns/0.20

.034/0.26

  1. *Min-max: 0–100
  2. § Indicates clinical significant change measured from baseline, i.e. a change of >10 points.
  3. p-value significant at ≤ 0.05, ns = not significant.
  4. Effect size (ES) of change was calculated as mean change from baseline, divided by the standard deviation of change. Criteria: trivial 0 to < 0.20; small 0.20 to < 0.50; moderate 0.50 to < 0.80; and large ≥ 0.80