Table 1 Distribution of cases of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and controls, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) according to socio-demographic characteristics and tumor variables. Italy, 2003-2014

Sex

  Men

595

(86.2)

561

(84.4)

  Women

95

(13.8)

104

(15.6)

Age (years)

  <55

83

(12.0)

105

(15.8)

  55-59

65

(9.4)

73

(11.0)

  60-64

107

(15.5)

119

(17.9)

  65-69

164

(23.8)

147

(22.1)

  70-74

155

(22.5)

124

(18.7)

  ≥75

116

(16.8)

97

(14.6)

Study centre

  Aviano

242

(35.1)

250

(37.6)

  Milan

241

(34.9)

238

(35.8)

  Naples

129

(18.7)

100

(15.0)

  Catania

78

(11.3)

77

(11.6)

Education (years)^b

  <7

292

(42.3)

273

(41.1)

Ref

  7-11

224

(32.5)

215

(32.3)

1.10 (0.85-1.44)

  ≥12

173

(25.1)

177

(26.6)

1.02 (0.76-1.36)

  χ² for trend; p-value

0.03; P = 0.86

Smoking habit^b

  Never

96

(13.9)

237

(35.6)

Ref

  Former

310

(44.9)

284

(42.7)

2.80 (2.06-3.80)

  Current

  <20 cig./day

143

(20.7)

87

(13.1)

4.81 (3.32-6.98)

  ≥20 cig./day

132

(19.1)

57

(8.6)

7.51 (4.94-11.41)

  χ² for trend; p-value

103.28; P < 0.01

Histological subtype

  Non-papillary

103

(14.9)

  Papillary

449

(65.1)

  Not determinable

138

(20.0)