Fig. 3

Increased CD8⁺ T cell infiltration in gallbladder cancer tissues correlates with improved patient survival. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for patients with high and low CD8⁺ T cell infiltration in primary tumors based on Sturges’ Rule: (a) All stages; (b) Early stages (0 and I); and (c) Advanced stages (II, IIIA, IIIB, and IV). High CD8⁺ T cell infiltration was significantly associated with prolonged survival particularly in advanced stage patients (log-rank p = 0.0004). The survival proportions of patients after GBC diagnosis in a 5-year term are shown to the right of the curves