A case-control study of exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and risk of thyroid cancer in women

BMC Cancer

Table 3 Adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants (ng/ml; specific gravity-corrected) and papillary thyroid cancer in Connecticut women

Organophosphate flame retardant (ng/ml)	Cases	Controls	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	p- trend	Adjusted OR (95% CI)^a	p-trend
BCIPP
< MDL	61	50	1		1
≥ MDL - 0.45	26	25	0.85 (0.44, 1.66)		0.72 (0.34, 1.54)	0.06
> 0.45	13	25	0.43 (0.19, 0.91)	0.04	0.44 (0.18, 1.03)	0.06
Continuous^b	100	100	0.88 (0.77, 1.01)		0.89 (0.76, 1.04)
DPHP
< 0.59	34	33	1		1
0.59–1.28	34	33	1.00 (0.51, 1.97)		1.02 (0.47, 2.22)	0.88
> 1.28	32	34	0.91 (0.46, 1.80)	0.80	1.06 (0.49, 2.29)	0.88
Continuous^b	100	100	0.94 (0.72, 1.21)		0.99 (0.74, 1.31)
BDCIPP
< 0.37	31	33	1		1
0.37–0.96	28	33	1.17 (0.59, 2.35)		1.08 (0.50, 2.36)	0.46
> 0.96	41	34	1.24 (0.63, 2.46)	0.54	1.33 (0.62, 2.86)	0.46
Continuous^b	100	100	1.07 (0.87, 1.31)		1.07 (0.85, 1.34)
IPDPP
< 1.60	32	33	1		1
1.60–3.56	26	33	0.90 (0.45, 1.83)		0.89 (0.41, 1.59)	0.66
> 3.56	42	34	1.28 (0.66, 2.51)	0.45	1.17 (0.54, 2.54)	0.66
Continuous^b	100	100	1.12 (0.83, 1.52)		1.06 (0.75, 1.48)
BCIPHIPP
< 0.12	38	33	1		1
0.12–0.32	34	33	0.89 (0.46, 1.75)		0.92 (0.44, 1.93)	0.30
> 0.32	28	34	0.72 (0.36, 1.41)	0.34	0.66 (0.30, 1.42)	0.30
Continuous^b	100	100	0.85 (0.69, 1.03)		0.82 (0.65, 1.01)
Summed PFR
< 4.10	35	34	1		1
4.10–7.95	29	33	0.85 (0.43, 1.70)		0.94 (0.43, 2.00)
> 7.95	36	33	1.06 (0.54, 2.07)	0.87	1.07 (0.50, 2.31)	0.86
Continuous^b	100	100	0.96 (0.71, 1.31)		0.93 (0.65, 1.33)

bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) 1-hydroxy-2-propyl phosphate (BCIPHIPP), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP), diphenyl phosphate (DPP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP), isopropyl-phenyl phenyl phosphate (IP-PPP), and tert-butyl phenyl phenyl phosphate (tb-PPP), odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI), PFR (organophosphate flame retardant)
^aAdjusted for age, BMI, education level, family history of thyroid cancer, previous benign thyroid disease, and alcohol consumption
^bOdds ratio calculated for each 1og of 1 ng/ml

ISSN: 1471-2407