Appraising growth differentiation factor 15 as a promising biomarker in digestive system tumors: a meta-analysis

Wang, Yanqiu; Jiang, Tao; Jiang, Mingyan; Gu, Shuijing

doi:10.1186/s12885-019-5385-y

BMC Cancer

Table 1 Main features of all included studies used in the diagnostic meta-analysis

From: Appraising growth differentiation factor 15 as a promising biomarker in digestive system tumors: a meta-analysis

Author and reference	Year	Region	Cancer type/cases	Patients TNM (I/II/III/IV)	Control type/number	Test matrix	Method	Cut-off Setting	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC	QUADAS score
Wang et al. [21]	2014	China	EC/286	48/107/94/37	HC/250	Serum	ELISA	1000 pg/mL	0.381	0.968	0.897	11
Fisher et al. [22]	2015	Australia	EC/40	14/15/8/1	Non-cancer/98	Tissue	MT-PCR	961 pg/mL	0.88	0.64	0.86	10
Fisher et al. [22]	2015	Australia	EC/30	11/10/8/1	Non-cancer/69	Plasma	ELISA	811 pg/mL	0.83	0.62	0.70	10
Blanco-Calvo et al. [15]	2014	Spain	GC/52	9(I-II)/12/31	HC/23	Serum	ELISA	> 325.28 ng/mL	0.7308	0.913	0.8796	10
Blanco-Calvo et al. [15]	2014	Spain	GC/52	9(I-II)/12/31	HC/23	Serum	ELISA	> 294.4 ng/mL	0.8889	0.8261	0.884	10
Wang et al. [16]	2014	China	PC/807	45/127/337/298	Pancreatitis & benign tumors/165	Serum	ELISA	1000 pg/mL	0.658	0.967	0.739	11
Wang et al. [16]	2014	China	PC/172	stage I-II: 172	HC/500	Serum	ELISA	1000 pg/mL	0.651	0.95	/	11
Koopmann et al. [17]	2006	Australia	PC/50	3/5/39/3	HC/50	Serum	ELISA	1583 pg/mL	0.9	0.84	0.99	10
Koopmann et al. [17]	2006	Australia	PC/50	3/5/39/3	Pancreatitis/50	Serum	ELISA	1583 pg/mL	0.9	0.44	0.81	10
Kaur et al. [18]	2013	America	PC/91	5/37/2/38/9(missing)	HC/24	Plasma	ELISA	> 2.3 ng/mL	0.62	0.63	0.85	10
			PC/91	5/37/2/38/9(missing)	Pancreatitis/23	Plasma	ELISA	> 2.3 ng/mL	0.62	0.78	0.74
			PC/42	Stage I-II: 42	HC/24	Plasma	ELISA	> 2.2 ng/mL	0.81	0.64	0.85
			PC/49	Stage III-IV: 49	HC/24	Plasma	ELISA	> 1. 6 ng/mL	0.78	0.58	0.94
			PC/42	Stage I-II: 42	Pancreatitis/23	Plasma	ELISA	> 2.3 ng/mL	0.76	0.78	0.85
			PC/49	Stage III-IV: 49	Pancreatitis/23	Plasma	ELISA	> 3.5 ng/mL	0.55	0.91	/
Koopmann et al. [19]	2004	Australia	PC/80	1/3/58/10/8(missing)	Non-cancer/216	Serum	ELISA	1070 pg/mL	0.71	0.78	0.81	10
Xue et al. [12]	2010	China	CRC/144	Stage I-II: 68 Stage III-IV: 76	HC/156	Serum	ELISA	1144 pg/mL	0.778	0.994	0.897	11
Wang et al. [13]	2017	China	CRC/473	51/153/201/68	HC/489	Serum	ELISA	1000 pg/mL	0.438	0.967	0.866	10
Shen et al. [24]	2018	China	Liver cancer/92	18/24/31/19	Benign liver disease: 53 HC: 40	Serum	ELISA	1573.23 ng/L	0.8123	0.8399	/	10
Hogendorf et al. [20]	2018	Poland	PC/42	3/16/9/14	Pancreatitis/21	Serum	ELISA	2.7 ng/mL	0.738	0.7619	/	10
Liu et al. [23]	2015	China	HCC/223	Unclear	Hepatitis/88	Serum	ELISA	2.463 ng/mL	0.631	0.8661	0.7882	11
Liu et al. [23]	2015	China	HCC/223	Unclear	Non-cancer/290	Serum	ELISA	1.945 ng/mL	0.8679	0.7275	0.8426	11

Abbreviations: MT-PCR multiplexed tandem PCR, QUADAS Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy, EC esophageal carcinoma, CRC colorectal cancer, HC healthy control, GC gastrointestinal cancer, PC pancreatic cancer, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, AUC area under the curve, ELISA enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

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