Fig. 3

Oral administration of R-ketorolac reduces tumor burden in vivo and inhibits target GTPase activity in peritoneal tumors. Mice were injected i.p. with SKOV3ip-GFP cells and tumors were established for 14 days as described in Methods. a Representative images of the peritoneal cavity of mice treated with either placebo or R-ketorolac. b Tumor burden was quantified by counting visible tumor implants within the peritoneal cavity. Values are normalized to placebo control mice. Three images of each animal were captured to reveal tumors in each region of the peritoneal cavity. Data represents four separate experiments with 18 total mice. There is a significant difference between placebo and R-ketorolac treated mice; p-value ≤0.01 using Student’s t-test. GTPase activities of (c) Rac1 and (d) Cdc42 were measured in tumor lysates by a GTPase effector-binding assay as described in Methods. The data represent combined normalized activity from four separate animal experiments with GTPase activities measured in duplicate from three individual animals per experimental group, totaling 12 mice. The p-values were ≤ 0.001 and ≤ 0.0001 for Rac1 and Cdc42, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. Vertical bars represent SEM