Fig. 5

Silencing of ATF3 antagonizes the effects of miR-222 inhibitor on CRC cells. a, cell proliferation activity after inhibition of miR-222 and ATF3 assessed by EdU assay; b, tumor volume in xenograft models; c, assessment of tumorigenesis by tumor weight; d, percentage of CD3⁺ cells in tumor tissues detected by immunohistochemistry; e, expression of ATF3 and immune escape-related proteins in tumor tissues examined by western blot. Full-length blots are presented in Additional file 4 (Supplementary Fig. S3). Measurement data were presented as mean ± SD. Unpaired t test was applied to analyze the differences between two experimental groups (panel c and d), while two-way ANOVA was utilized to analyze data among multiple groups, along with Tukey’s post hoc test (panel a and e)