Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
Study | Country | Study design | Mean age (years) | Male sex (%) | Model | Model Developed With Health States | Participant | Intervention | Comparison |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chaudhary 2021 | Canada and Sweden | Model-Based | NR | NR | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | advanced squamous NSCLC patients | The dosage of nivolumab applied was 240Â mg every 2 weeks for Sweden and 480Â mg every 4 weeks for Canada. | Docetaxel |
Gao 2018 | Australia | Model-Based | NR | NR | Both Markov and partition survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death. | 260 patients with advanced or metastatic squamous nonsmallcell Lung cancer | Nivolumab 3Â mg/kg, per 2 weeks | Docetaxel |
Goeree 2016 | Canada | Model-Based | NR | NR | Both Markov and partition survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death. | 272 advanced squamous NSCLC patients who have failed one prior platinum doublet-based chemotherapy treatment. | Nivolumab | Docetaxel |
Chouaid 2019 | France | Model-Based | 65 | 61.3 | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | 55 adults, diagnosed with metastatic NSCLC | Pembrolizumab | Platinum agents |
Rothwell 2021 | UK | Model-Based | NR | NR | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | Adults with advanced or metastatic squamous NSCLC after failure of prior platinum doublet-based chemotherapy | nivolumab 3Â mg/kg every 2 weeks | docetaxel |
Hu 2023 | China | Model-Based | NR | NR | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | advanced squamous NSCLC patients | Nivolumab | Docetaxel |
Zhao 2023 | China | Model-Based | NR | NR | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | Chinese adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who had pathologically confirmed stage IIIB–IV wild-type sqNSCLC with unlimited PD-L1 expression. | paclitaxel and platinum combined with camrelizumab | cisplatin or carboplatin combined with gemcitabine, docetaxel, or paclitaxel |
Cheng 2022 | China | Model-Based | NR | NR | Markov model | PFS, first disease progression, second disease progression, end-stage disease, and death | patients with driver-negative advanced or metastatic sqNSCLC | First-line sintilimab | Second-line sintilimab |
Insinga 2019 | USA | Model-Based | NR | NR | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | patients with squamous metastatic (stage 4) NSCLC tumor and are eligible for first-line systemic chemotherapy. | Pembrolizumab(200Â mg, once every 3 weeks) plus chemotherapy | carboplatin and paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel |
Liu 2022 | China | Model-Based | NR | NR | Markov model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | squamous NSCLC patients | Pembrolizumab + chemotherapy | Pembrolizumab |
Zhou 2023 | China | Model-Based | NR | NR | Markov model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | squamous NSCLC patients | toripalimab with chemotherapy | placebo with chemotherapy |
Li 2022 | China | Model-Based | NR | NR | Markov model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | squamous NSCLC patients | sugemalimab(1,200Â mg, once every 3 weeks) plus chemotherapy | placebo plus chemotherapy |
Chen 2022 | China | Model-Based | A: 61.48 B: 65.00 C: 65.00 | A: 91.60 B: 81.40 C: 81.40 | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | stage III or IV squamous NSCLC patients | Sintilimab 200Â mg every 3 weeks in combination with gemcitabine and either cisplatin or carboplatin for four cycles | Pembrolizumab 200Â mg plus carboplatin and paclitaxel/nabpaclitaxel every 3 weeks |
Shao 2022 | China | Model-Based | NR | NR | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | stage IIIB-IV sq-NSCLC patients | camrelizumab (200 mg) + carboplatin + paclitaxel | Placebo + carboplatin + paclitaxel |
Zhang 2023 | China | Model-Based | 63 | 79.9 | Cohort-based, partitioned survival model | progression-free (PF), progressed disease (PD), and death | those in the clinical trial in that all patients were treatment-naive, locally progressed or metastatic NSCLC | toripalimab 240Â mg in combination with standard chemotherapy | placebo once per cycle in combination with standard chemotherapy |