Table 1 Socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics
From: HIV and pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the cervix in South Africa: a case-control study
Characteristic | Cases (N = 486) | Controls (N = 1 365) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | |||
< 35 years | 61 (12.5) | 219 (16.0) | |
≥ 35 years | 425 (87.5) | 1 146 (84.0) | 0.065 |
Ethnic group | |||
Coloured | 367 (75.5) | 1 030 (75.5) | |
Black | 119 (24.5) | 335 (24.4) | 0.980 |
Residence | |||
Rural | 208 (42.8) | 632 (46.3) | |
Urban | 278 (57.2) | 733 (53.7) | 0.183 |
Marital status | |||
Single | 116 (23.9) | 297 (21.8) | |
Married | 223 (45.9) | 704 (51.6) | |
Widowed | 70 (14.4) | 158 (11.6) | |
Divorced/separated | 76 (15.6) | 205 (15.0) | 0.197 |
Sexual partners | |||
< 4 | 355 (73.1) | 1 105 (81.0) | |
≥ 4 | 127 (26.1) | 252 (18.4) | |
Missing | 4 (0.8) | 8 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
Sexual debut | |||
< 16 years | 156 (32.1) | 319 (23.4) | |
≥ 16 years | 318 (65.4) | 1 008 (73.8) | |
Missing | 12 (2.5) | 38 (2.8) | < 0.001 |
Hormonal contraceptive use | |||
Never | 117 (24.1) | 197 (14.4) | |
Ever | 369 (75.9) | 1 168 (85.6) | < 0.001 |
Sterilized | |||
No | 361 (74.3) | 859 (62.9) | |
Yes | 125 (25.7) | 506 (37.1) | < 0.001 |
Tobacco use | |||
Never | 159 (32.9) | 550 (40.3) | |
Ever | 326 (67.1) | 815 (59.7) | 0.004 |
Prior Pap smear | |||
No | 242 (49.8) | 370 (27.1) | |
Yes | 238 (49.0) | 982 (71.9) | |
Missing | 6 (1.2) | 13 (1.0) | < 0.001 |